Achieving a long-lived high-beta plasma state by energetic beam injection

Bunched Beam Injection in a Plasma Accelerator

An experiment on phase-locked injection of ~ 100 fs electron bunches in a plasma beat wave accelerator is presented. We consider using an IFEL microbunching technique to produce ultrashort electron bunches prebunched at the exact wavelength of the plasma wave 340 Jim (~lTHz). It is proposed to generate 100 MW of 1 THz radiation by difference frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal, mixing t...

Long-Lived Bone Marrow Plasma Cells Are

Long-Lived Plasma Cells from Human Small

High-quality electron beams from beam-driven plasma accelerators by wakefield-induced ionization injection.

We propose a new and simple strategy for controlled ionization-induced trapping of electrons in a beam-driven plasma accelerator. The presented method directly exploits electric wakefields to ionize electrons from a dopant gas and capture them into a well-defined volume of the accelerating and focusing wake phase, leading to high-quality witness bunches. This injection principle is explained by...

The thymus-independent immunity conferred by a pneumococcal polysaccharide is mediated by long-lived plasma cells.

It was recently shown that bacterial thymus-independent (TI) antigens confer long-lasting immunity and generate memory B lymphocytes. However, reactivation of TI memory B cells is repressed in immunocompetent mice, thus raising the issue of the mechanism whereby TI vaccines confer immune protection. Here, we propose an explanation to this apparent paradox by showing that a Streptococcus pneumon...